Well drill



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' ATTORNEYS 1927 o. M. CARTER WELL DRILL Filed Jan. 8, 1924 2, Sheefis-SheetZ w fill/172M TNESSES 0 fl/VEDZTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Feb; 8, 1 33;;

1,617,043 PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR MARTIN CARTER, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.

WELL DRILL.

-App1ication filed January 8, 1924. Serial No. 684,984.

This invention relates to deep Well drills and is an improvement on the construction illustrated in my applications filed Jul 6, 1922, Serial No. 573,153 and No. 648,141 led June 27, 1923, the former of which applications has become Patent N 0. 1,597,143, issued August 24, 1926.

Briefly stated an important object of this invention is to provide novel means whereby a sample of the formation may be taken at any time and prevented from loss during'its v withdrawal from the well.

A further object is to provide a shoe for receiving the drill and provided with simple means whereby to brace and reinforce the'cutters and to guide the water over the cutters.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawing formin a part of this application andin which l1ke numerals are employer]. to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectlonal view of the improved drill in its operative posi-' tion,

Figure 2 is a side elevation illustrating the strengthening means at the lower portion of the tool.

Figuie 3 is a perspective of the combined cutter and sample taking member,

Figure 4 is an edge elevation of the sample taking cutter. 4

Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view through the improved sample taking cutter.

Figure 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Figure 4.

In the drawing the numeral 5'designates a shoe which receives the drill generally designated by the numeral 6.

\Vhile in actual operation the drill illustrated in my several patent applications works satisfactorily, I have found it desirable to substantially bulge and thicken the lower portion of the shoe at one side of each slot 7 therein so as to provide shoulders 8. W'hen the cutters 10 are swung outwardly to their operative positions as illustrated in Figure 1 the longitudinal ribs 12 on the sides of the cutters are engaged with the lower edges of the enlargements or shoulders 8 so that the outward movement of the cutters is positively limited. Figure 1 plain lv illustrates that the enlargements or shoulders 8 extend a substantial distance below the lower end of the shoe and taper more or less to a point. The side faces of the c11- largemcnts or shoulders 8 are formed with projections 2 having their edges provided with extensions received in notches or recesses 16 in the rear edges of the cutters as seen .in Figure 1. By reason of this construction the cutters are positively held in place and are very securely held against lateral and excessive upward movement.

At the rear end of the shoulders 8 the shoe 5 is provided with discharge members 18 which direct the water or mud over the faces of the bits immediately below.

It will be seen that 'the shoulders 8' are so located and are of such strength that any impact on the front of the cutters will not damage the shoe or the drill. In fact aterrific strain on the cutters is more likely to twist off the drill stem than injure the bit. By causing the lowerends of the shoulders 8 to be engaged by virtue of the extensions of said shoulders received in the notches 16 dama e is prevented as a result of reckless spudding in hard formations, even though the impact is severe enough to buckle the joint immediately above the collar.

The cutters 10 are as illustrated in Figures 3 and 5 provided with sample receivingpockets 20 v by means of which a sample of the formation may be taken.

The pocket or cavity 20 is surrounded by a shallow recess adapted to receive a cover plate 22, the lower portion of which terminates above the lower end of the recess 20 so as to allow. of the insertion of a quantity of the formation, Of course the closure plate is securely held in place by screw bolts or other fastening deylces and when the combined sampling member and cutter is withdrawn to the. surface the plate 22 is quickly detached for exposing the forma tion. The lower portion of each cutter is of course provided with sharpened edges 25 by means of which the formation may be loosened and attention is directed to the fact that the sample receiving slot formed by the cover plate 22 and the lower end of the pocket 20 is located in that face of the cutter over which the cuttings must pass so that the cuttings are likely to enter the pocket immediately upon being loosened. In other words the cuttings pass over the slot in the lower portion of the cutter and the cuttings are therefore permitted to enter the pocket. Also the bottom wall of the pocket 20 is inclined so that the cuttings are directed .5 and 6 will permit the escape of air from the upper end of the pocket as the samples of the formation enter the cavity and will also permit cuttings within the pocket or cavity to pass out through the vent hole whenever excess cuttings are forced within said cavity or pocket.

WVhen it is desired to take a sample of the formation in the lower portion of the well the regular cutter holders are removed and cutter holders with cavities in the face thereof are substituted therefor. The combined sampling and cutting members are now imterted within the drill stem, lowered to the bottom, and expanded through slots therein and rotated in the usual manner so as to detach a portion of the formation. The formation thus detached from the walls and bottom of the well is directed into the pockets 20 and is held therein by flap valve members 37 which, as seen in Figure 5, extend across the pockets in the effective position and thus serve to supportthe load of cuttings While the drill is Withdrawn to the surface. The'formation in the pockets 20 accurately advises the operator as to the character of the formation.

The flap valves 37 just above referred to which are elevated during admission of ma: terial to the cavity 20, and which are dropped subsequent to the entrance of the material to prevent'the premature discharge or escape of the material are preferably pivotedat one side to the cover plates 22 so as to be removable with the latter.

Having thus described the what is claimed is:

1. The combination of a tubular shoe having-slots and a lateral enlargement at one side of each slot terminatingin a depending extensionya member movable through said shoe and having cutters shiftable outwardly through said vslots and engaged by said eninvention,

' largements, said cutters being provided with longitudinally extending ribs engaged by the depending extensions of the said enlargements.

and outwardly through said slots, and water discharge members carried by said tubular shoe and located adjacent to the inner ends of said slots, said members having channels opening through the wall of the shoe and the outer ends of'which channels are angled toward the slots.

4. A bit for cxpansible well drills and the like including a. body having a pocket in its front face, and a cover plate extending over the major portion of the pocket and a portion of the pocket being open for the reception of cuttings.

5. A combined cutterand sampling tool comprising a body having a pocket, a cover plate extending over the major portion of the pocket and a portion of the pocket being open for thereception of cuttings, the inlet end wall of said pocket being inclined, and the cover plate being flush with said body with a flap'valve on the under side of the cover to prevent loss of material from said receptacle when saidmaterial descends untilthe cover is removed. a

6. A bit for expansible well drills and the like including a body having a pocket in its front face, a cover plate extending over the major portion of the pocket and a portion of thepocket being open for the reception of cuttings, and a one-way valve carried by the cover plate.

.7. A bit for expansible well drills and the like including a body having a pocket, a cover plate extending over the major portion of the pocket; and a portion of the pocket being open for, the reception of cuttings, and a one-way valve carried by the cover plateysaid cover plate being detachable to completely expose the contents of the pocket.

OSCAR MARTIN CARTER. 

